MBP, the full English name Myelin Basic Protein, Chinese name myelin basic protein or myelin basic protein, is an important component of myelin in the central nervous system （CNS）, which is synthesized by oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells, and can be used as a marker for these two kinds of cells. MBP is a single chain polypeptide with a molecular weight of about 18.5kDa, located in the dense myelin sheath and nucleus pulposus. It is a potential targeted antigen that can induce experimental allergic encephalomyelitis （EAE） in animals. The encephalitis-causing peptides of MBP varied with different sensitive strains and were related to MHC Class II genotype.