CXCL1, also known as GRO-α, is a polypeptide that is initially isolated from human melanoma cells. CXCL1 acts as a key chemoattractant for neutrophils by binding specifically to its corresponding G-protein-coupled receptor CXCR2. CXCL1 modulates angiogenesis, tumorigenesis, and wound healing. In general, CXCL1 levels are extremely low under normal physiological conditions and greatly increased during inflammatory conditions. CXCL1 can also induce recruitment of regulatory T cells （Treg） and MSCs into the tumor niche. Another no-less-important property of CXCL1 is its ability to induce angiogenesis.